Mawu Oyamba
Ndi chitukuko chamakampani opanga magalimoto, msika wa zitsulo zotayidwa za aluminiyamu ukukulanso mwachangu, ngakhale udakali wocheperako pakukula konse. Malinga ndi kulosera kwa Automotive Lightweight Technology Innovation Alliance pamsika waku China aluminium alloy impact beam, pofika chaka cha 2025, kufunikira kwa msika kukuyembekezeka kukhala pafupifupi matani 140,000, kukula kwa msika kukuyembekezeka kufika 4.8 biliyoni RMB. Pofika chaka cha 2030, kufunikira kwa msika kukuyembekezeka kukhala pafupifupi matani 220,000, ndi kukula kwa msika wa 7.7 biliyoni RMB, komanso kukula kwapachaka pafupifupi 13%. Kukula kwapang'onopang'ono komanso kukula kwachangu kwamitundu yamagalimoto apakati mpaka-okwera ndizofunikira kwambiri pakupanga matabwa a aluminiyamu aloyi ku China. Chiyembekezo cha msika wamabokosi owonongeka kwa magalimoto akulonjeza.
Pamene mtengo ukucheperachepera komanso kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo, ma aluminium alloy kutsogolo kwa matabwa ndi mabokosi akuwonongeka akuchulukirachulukira. Pakadali pano, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagalimoto apakati mpaka apamwamba kwambiri monga Audi A3, Audi A4L, BMW 3 mndandanda, BMW X1, Mercedes-Benz C260, Honda CR-V, Toyota RAV4, Buick Regal, ndi Buick LaCrosse.
Miyezo ya aluminiyamu ya aloyi imapangidwa makamaka ndi zitsulo zopingasa, mabokosi ophwanyika, mapulateleti okwera, ndi manja okokera, monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 1.
Chithunzi 1: Aluminium Alloy Impact Beam Assembly
Bokosi lowonongeka ndi bokosi lachitsulo lomwe lili pakati pa mtengo wowongolera ndi mizati iwiri yautali yagalimoto, yomwe imakhala ngati chidebe chotengera mphamvu. Mphamvu imeneyi imatanthawuza mphamvu ya chikoka. Galimoto ikagundana, kuwala kwake kumakhala ndi mphamvu yotengera mphamvu. Komabe, ngati mphamvuyo iposa mphamvu ya mtengo wokhudzidwa, idzasamutsa mphamvuyo ku bokosi lowonongeka. Bokosi lowonongeka limatenga mphamvu zonse zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndikudzivulaza lokha, kuwonetsetsa kuti ma longitudinal akukhalabe osawonongeka.
1 Zofunika Zamalonda
1.1 Miyeso iyenera kutsata zofunikira zololera zojambulazo, monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 2.
1.3 Zofunikira pakugwirira ntchito kwamakina:
Kuthamanga Kwambiri: ≥215 MPa
Zokolola Mphamvu: ≥205 MPa
Elongation A50: ≥10%
1.4 Magwiridwe Ophwanya Bokosi:
Pamodzi ndi X-axis yagalimoto, pogwiritsa ntchito malo ogundana okulirapo kuposa gawo lazogulitsa, tsitsani liwiro la 100 mm / min mpaka kuphwanya, ndikuphwanya kuchuluka kwa 70%. Kutalika koyambirira kwa mbiriyo ndi 300 mm. Pakulumikizana kwa nthiti yolimbitsa ndi khoma lakunja, ming'alu iyenera kukhala yosachepera 15 mm kuti iwoneke yovomerezeka. Ziyenera kuwonetseredwa kuti kusweka kololedwa sikusokoneza mphamvu yowononga mphamvu ya mbiriyo, ndipo sikuyenera kukhala ming'alu yayikulu m'malo ena mutaphwanya.
2 Njira Yachitukuko
Kuti nthawi yomweyo akwaniritse zofunikira zamakina ndi kuphwanya magwiridwe antchito, njira yachitukuko ndi motere:
Gwiritsani ntchito ndodo ya 6063B yokhala ndi aloyi yoyambira ya Si 0.38-0.41% ndi Mg 0.53-0.60%.
Chitani zozimitsa mpweya ndi kukalamba kochita kupanga kuti mukwaniritse chikhalidwe cha T6.
Gwiritsani ntchito nkhungu + kuzimitsa mpweya ndikuchiza matenda okalamba kwambiri kuti mukwaniritse chikhalidwe cha T7.
3 Kupanga Oyendetsa
3.1 Zinthu Zowonjezera
Kupanga kumachitika pa 2000T extrusion atolankhani ndi extrusion chiŵerengero cha 36. Zinthu ntchito ndi homogenized zotayidwa ndodo 6063B. Kutentha kwa kutentha kwa ndodo ya aluminiyamu ndi motere: IV zone 450-III zone 470-II zone 490-1 zone 500. Kuthamanga kwakukulu kwa silinda kumakhala kozungulira 210 bar, ndi gawo lokhazikika la extrusion lomwe lili ndi mphamvu ya extrusion pafupi ndi 180 bar. . The extrusion kutsinde liwiro ndi 2.5 mm/s, ndi mbiri extrusion liwiro ndi 5.3 m/mphindi. Kutentha kwa extrusion ndi 500-540 ° C. Kuzimitsa kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito kuziziritsa kwa mpweya ndi mphamvu yakumanzere kwa 100%, mphamvu yapakati pa 100%, ndi mphamvu yakumanja ku 50%. Kuzizira kwapakati pazigawo zozimitsira kumafika 300-350 ° C / min, ndipo kutentha pambuyo potuluka m'dera lozimitsa ndi 60-180 ° C. Pozimitsa nkhungu + mpweya, kuzizira kwapakati pa malo otentha kumafika 430-480 ° C / min, ndipo kutentha pambuyo pochoka kumalo ozimitsa ndi 50-70 ° C. Mbiriyo sikuwonetsa kupindika kwakukulu.
3.2 Kukalamba
Kutsatira kukalamba kwa T6 pa 185 ° C kwa maola 6, kuuma kwa zinthu ndi makina ake ndi motere:
Malinga ndi kukalamba kwa T7 pa 210 ° C kwa maola 6 ndi maola 8, kuuma kwa zinthu ndi makina ake ndi motere:
Kutengera zomwe zayesedwa, njira yozimitsa nkhungu + mpweya, yophatikizidwa ndi kukalamba kwa 210 ° C / 6h, imakwaniritsa zofunikira pakuchita kwamakina komanso kuyesa kuphwanya. Poganizira zotsika mtengo, njira yozimitsa nkhungu + ndi njira yokalamba ya 210 ° C/6h idasankhidwa kuti ipangidwe kuti ikwaniritse zofunikira za mankhwalawa.
3.3 Kuphwanya Mayeso
Kwa ndodo zachiwiri ndi zachitatu, mapeto a mutu amadulidwa ndi 1.5m, ndipo mchira wa mchira umadulidwa ndi 1.2m. Zitsanzo ziwiri chilichonse zimatengedwa kuchokera kumutu, pakati, ndi mchira, ndi kutalika kwa 300mm. Mayesero ophwanyidwa amachitidwa atakalamba pa 185 ° C / 6h ndi 210 ° C / 6h ndi 8h (makina ogwiritsira ntchito deta monga tafotokozera pamwambapa) pa makina oyesera zinthu zonse. Mayeserowa amachitidwa pa liwiro la 100 mm / min ndi psinjika kuchuluka kwa 70%. Zotsatira zake ndi izi: kwa nkhungu + kuzimitsa mpweya ndi njira zokalamba za 210 ° C / 6h ndi 8h, mayesero ophwanyidwa amakwaniritsa zofunikira, monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 3-2, pamene zitsanzo zozimitsidwa ndi mpweya zikuwonetsa kuwonongeka kwa njira zonse zokalamba. .
Kutengera zotsatira za mayeso ophwanyidwa, nkhungu + kuzimitsa mpweya ndi 210 ° C/6h ndi 8h njira zokalamba zimakwaniritsa zomwe kasitomala amafuna.
4 Mapeto
Kukhathamiritsa kwa njira zozimitsira ndi kukalamba ndikofunikira pakukula bwino kwa chinthucho ndipo kumapereka njira yabwino yothetsera vuto la bokosi la ngozi.
Kupyolera mu kuyesa kwakukulu, zatsimikiziridwa kuti zinthu zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito pa bokosi la ngozi ziyenera kukhala 6063-T7, njira yozimitsa ndi nkhungu + kuziziritsa mpweya, ndipo kukalamba kwa 210 ° C / 6h ndiye chisankho chabwino kwambiri chochotsera ndodo za aluminiyamu. ndi kutentha kuyambira 480-500 ° C, extrusion kutsinde liwiro 2.5 mm/s, extrusion kufa kutentha kwa 480 ° C, ndi kutentha kwa extrusion 500-540 ° C.
Adasinthidwa ndi May Jiang kuchokera ku MAT Aluminium
Nthawi yotumiza: May-07-2024
