Njira Yochizira Kutentha mu Aluminium Processing

1) Kuwongolera ndi kukhazikika

Annealing ndi normalizing amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazitsulo zotentha za aluminiyamu zopanda kanthu. Chitsulo cha carbon ndi alloy zitsulo zokhala ndi mpweya woposa 0.5% nthawi zambiri zimatsekedwa kuti zichepetse kuuma kwawo komanso kudula kosavuta; Chitsulo cha carbon ndi alloy zitsulo zokhala ndi mpweya wosakwana 0.5% zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupewa kumamatira ku mpeni pamene kuuma kuli kochepa kwambiri. Ndipo ntchito mankhwala normalizing. Annealing ndi normalizing akadali kuyenga mbewu ndi yunifolomu kapangidwe, ndi kukonzekera wotsatira kutentha mankhwala. Annealing ndi normalizing nthawi zambiri zimakonzedwa pambuyo popanga chopanda kanthu komanso musanapange makina ovuta.

2) Chithandizo cha ukalamba

Chithandizo cha ukalamba chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuti athetse kupsinjika kwamkati komwe kumapangidwa popanga zinthu zopanda kanthu komanso kupanga makina.

Pofuna kupewa kuchulukirachulukira kwa ntchito zoyendera, pamagawo olondola kwambiri, ndikwanira kukonza chithandizo chaukalamba chimodzi musanamalize. Komabe, kwa magawo omwe ali ndi zofunikira kwambiri, monga bokosi la makina otopetsa a jig, ndi zina zotero, njira ziwiri kapena zingapo zothandizira ukalamba ziyenera kukonzedwa. Ziwalo zosavuta nthawi zambiri sizifuna chithandizo cha ukalamba.

Kuphatikiza pa ma castings, pazigawo zina zolondola komanso zosakhazikika bwino, monga wononga zolondola, kuti athetse kupsinjika kwamkati komwe kumapangidwa panthawi yokonza ndikukhazikitsa kulondola kwa magawo, mankhwala okalamba angapo nthawi zambiri amakonzedwa pakati pa makina okhwima ndi kumaliza. Kwa mbali zina za shaft, chithandizo cha ukalamba chiyeneranso kukonzedwa pambuyo pa kuwongola.

3) Kuwongolera ndi kuwongolera

kuzimitsa ndi kutentha kumatanthauza kutentha kwambiri pambuyo pozimitsa. Ikhoza kupeza mawonekedwe a yunifolomu komanso otsekemera a sorbite, omwe ndi kukonzekera kuchepetsa kusinthika panthawi yozimitsa pamwamba ndi mankhwala a nitriding. Chifukwa chake, kuzimitsa ndi kutentha kungagwiritsidwenso ntchito ngati chithandizo cha preheat.

Chifukwa bwino mabuku mawotchi katundu wa quenching ndi tempering mbali, angagwiritsidwenso ntchito monga njira yomaliza kutentha mankhwala kwa mbali zina zimene safuna mkulu kuuma ndi kuvala kukana.

Cholinga cha chithandizo chomaliza cha kutentha ndikuwongolera zinthu zamakina monga kuuma, kukana kuvala ndi mphamvu. Njira yake yochizira kutentha imaphatikizapo kuzimitsa, kuzimitsa ndi kuzimitsa, ndi chithandizo cha nitriding.

1) Kuchepetsa

Kuzimitsa kumagawidwa kukhala kuzimitsa pamwamba ndi kuzimitsa kwathunthu. Pakati pawo, kuzimitsa pamwamba kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri chifukwa cha kuchepa kwake pang'ono, okosijeni ndi decarburization, komanso kuzimitsa pamwamba kumakhalanso ndi ubwino wa mphamvu zakunja zakunja ndi kukana kwabwino kwa kuvala, ndikusunga kulimba kwamkati komanso kukana kwambiri. Pofuna kukonza makina oziziritsira pamwamba, chithandizo cha kutentha monga kuzimitsa ndi kutentha kapena normalizing nthawi zambiri chimafunika ngati chithandizo cha kutentha chisanayambe. Njira yake yonse ndi: kutseka, kufota, kukhazikika, kuwongolera, kukonza makina movutikira, kuzimitsa ndi kutentha, kumaliza pang'ono, kuzimitsa pamwamba, kumaliza.

2) Kuwotcha ndi kuzimitsa

Carburizing ndi kuzimitsa ndikuwonjezera kaboni wagawo loyamba la gawolo, ndipo pambuyo pozimitsa, kusanjika kwapamwamba kumapeza kuuma kwakukulu, pomwe gawo lapakati limasungabe mphamvu zina komanso kulimba kwambiri komanso pulasitiki. Carburizing imagawidwa kukhala carburizing wamba komanso carburizing pang'ono. Pamene carburizing pang'ono ikuchitika, njira zotsutsa-seepage ziyenera kuchitidwa pazinthu zopanda carburizing. Popeza kuthira ndi kuzimitsa kumayambitsa kusinthika kwakukulu, ndipo kuya kwa carburizing nthawi zambiri kumakhala pakati pa 0.5 ndi 2 mm, njira yosungiramo nyama nthawi zambiri imakonzedwa pakati pa kumaliza ndi kumaliza.

Njira yodutsamo nthawi zambiri imakhala: kutseka, kufota, kukhazikika, kukonza makina movutikira, kumalizitsa pang'ono, kuzimitsa ndi kuzimitsa, kumaliza. Pamene mbali sanali carburized wa carburizing ndi quenching gawo utenga ndondomeko ndondomeko kuchotsa owonjezera carburized wosanjikiza pambuyo kuonjezera malire, ndondomeko kuchotsa owonjezera carburized wosanjikiza ayenera anakonza pambuyo carburizing ndi quenching, pamaso kuzimitsa.

3) Chithandizo cha nitriding

Nitriding ndi njira yolowetsera maatomu a nayitrogeni muzitsulo zachitsulo kuti apeze zinthu zosanjikiza zomwe zimakhala ndi nayitrogeni. Nitriding wosanjikiza imatha kukulitsa kuuma, kukana kuvala, mphamvu ya kutopa komanso kukana kwa dzimbiri pamwamba pa gawolo. Popeza kutentha kwa mankhwala a nitriding ndi otsika, mapindikidwe ake ndi ang'onoang'ono, ndipo nitriding wosanjikiza ndi woonda, kawirikawiri osapitirira 0.6 ~ 0.7mm, ndondomeko ya nitriding iyenera kukonzedwa mochedwa kwambiri. Kuti muchepetse kupindika panthawi ya nitriding, pamafunika kutentha kwakukulu kuti muchepetse nkhawa.

Yosinthidwa ndi May Jiang kuchokera ku MAT Alumin